Avaliação do efeito de pigmentos fenólicos na germinação de arroz sob condições de baixa temperatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712142022410Palavras-chave:
arroz preto, arroz vermelho, capacidade antioxidante, flavonoides, germinação, tolerância ao frioResumo
No Rio Grande do Sul, principal estado produtor de arroz do Brasil, baixas temperaturas podem ocorrer durante a germinação e estabelecimento de plântulas, e em alguns casos, durante o estádio reprodutivo. Quando baixas temperaturas ocorrem no estádio inicial de desenvolvimento causam atraso da germinação, resultando em um crescimento não homogêneo. No estádio reprodutivo, baixas temperaturas podem ocasionar esterilidade das espiguetas, interferindo diretamente na produtividade da planta. Pesquisas têm mostrado que alguns compostos fenólicos como as proantocianidinas e antocianinas estão associadas com tolerância a baixa temperatura em plantas devido sua capacidade antioxidante. A coloração vermelha e preta nas sementes de alguns genótipos de arroz é conferida pelos compostos fenólicos proantocianidinas e antocianinas, respectivamente. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar se os genótipos de arroz com sementes vermelhas ou pretas são mais tolerantes a baixas temperaturas durante a germinação. Neste trabalho, cinco genótipos foram testados, dois com sementes sem pigmentação e com resposta contrastante para tolerância a baixa temperatura (BRS Bojuru - tolerante e BRS Pampeira - sensível), dois genótipos com sementes vermelhas (BRS 902, SCS 119 Rubi) e um genótipo com sementes pretas (SCS 120 Ônix). Como esperado, os genótipos com sementes pigmentadas têm maior conteúdo de compostos fenólicos totais. Entretanto, sob condições de baixa temperatura, os genótipos com semente pigmentada mostraram resposta similar ao genótipo sensível. Dessa forma, a presença de proantocianidinas e antocianinas nas sementes dos genótipos estudados não confere tolerância a baixas temperaturas durante a germinação.
Downloads
Referências
ADAMSKI JM et al. 2020. Photosynthetic activity of indica rice sister lines with contrasting cold tolerance. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 26: 955-964.
ANDAYA VC & MACKILL DJ. 2003. Mapping of QTLs associated with cold tolerance during the vegetative stage in rice. Journal of Experimental Botany 54: 2579-2585.
BRAND-WILLIANS W et al. 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Science and Technology 28: 25-30.
BRESOLIN APS et al. 2019. Iron tolerance in rice: an efficient method for performing quick early genotype screening. BMC Research Notes 12: 361.
CARMONA L et al. 2017. Anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in blood oranges during postharvest storage at different low temperatures. Food Chemistry 237: 7-14.
CHRISTIE PJ et al. 1994. Impact of low-temperature stress on general phenylpropanoid and anthocyanin pathways: Enhancement of transcript abundance and anthocyanin pigmentation in maize seedlings. Planta 194: 541-549.
COUNCE PA et al. 2000. A Uniform, Objective, and Adaptive System for Expressing Rice Development. Crop Science 40: 436-443.
CRIFÒ T et al. 2012. Short cold storage enhances the anthocyanin contents and level of transcripts related to their biosynthesis in blood oranges. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 60: 476-481.
CRUZ RP & MILACH SCK. 2004. Cold tolerance at the germination stage of rice: methods of evaluation and characterization of genotypes. Scientia Agricola 61: 1-8.
DA MAIA LC et al. 2017. Transcriptome profiling of rice seedlings under cold stress. Functional Plant Biology 44: 419-429.
DAS K & ROYCHOUDHURY A. 2014. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and response of antioxidants as ROS-scavengers during environmental stress in plants. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2: 1-13.
DIEN DC & YAMAKAWA T. 2019. Phenotypic Variation and Selection for Cold-Tolerant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at Germination and Seedling Stages. Agriculture 9: 162.
FUJINO K et al. 2004. Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling low-temperature germinability in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 108: 794-799.
GAIOTTI F et al. 2018. Low night temperature at veraison enhances the accumulation of anthocyanins in Corvina grapes (Vitis Vinifera L.). Scientific Reports 8: 8719.
GALLAND M et al. 2014. Compartmentation and dynamics of flavone metabolism in dry and germinated rice seeds. Plant and Cell Physiology 55:1646-1659.
GOTHANDAM KM. 2012. Rice: Improving Cold Stress Tolerance. In: Improving Crop Resistance to Abiotic Stress. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA 2: 733-750.
GOUFO P & TRINDADE H. 2014. Rice antioxidants: phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid. Food Science & Nutrition 2: 75-104.
GOURLAY G & CONSTABEL CP. 2019. Condensed tannins are inducible antioxidants and protect hybrid poplar against oxidative stress. Tree Physiology 39: 345-355.
GROHS M et al. 2016. Attenuation of low-temperature stress in rice seedlings. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 46: 197-205.
GUNARATNE A et al. 2013. Antioxidant activity and nutritional quality of traditional red-grained rice varieties containing proanthocyanidins. Food Chemistry 138: 1153-1161.
HAN X et al. 2007. Dietary Polyphenols and Their Biological Significance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 8: 950-988.
HE Q et al. 2020. Low Temperature Promotes Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and Related Gene Expression in the Seedlings of Purple Head Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L.). Genes 11: 81.
HSU CH & HSU YT. 2019. Biochemical responses of rice roots to cold stress. Botanical Studies 60: 14.
JIA L-G et al. 2012. Modulation of Anti-Oxidation Ability by Proanthocyanidins during Germination of Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds. Molecular Plant 5: 472-481.
KHOO HE et al. 2017. Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits. Food & Nutrition Research 61: 1361779.
LO PIERO AR et al. 2005. Anthocyanins accumulation and related gene expression in red orange fruit induced by low temperature storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53: 9083-9088.
LOURENÇO AA et al. 2015. Compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidante de grãos de arroz de pericarpo vermelho e de pericarpo preto. Conferência Internacional de Arroz para América Latina e Caribe. Porto Alegre: EMBRAPA.
PEYMAN S & HASHEM A. 2010. Evaluation eighteen rice genotypes in cold tolerance at germination stage. World Applied Sciences Journal 11: 1476-1480.
RAUF A et al. 2019. Proanthocyanidins: A comprehensive review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 116: 108999.
RUE EA et al. 2018. Procyanidins: a comprehensive review encompassing structure elucidation via mass spectrometry. Phytochemistry Reviews 17: 1-16.
RUFINO MSM et al. 2007. Metodologia científica: determinação da atividade antioxidante total em frutas pela captura do radical livre DPPH. Fortaleza: Embrapa. (Comunicado Técnico 128).
SCHULZ E et al. 2015. Natural variation in flavonol and anthocyanin metabolism during cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. Plant, Cell & Environment 38: 1658-1672.
SHAO Y et al. 2014. Phenolic acids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains at four stages of development after flowering. Food Chemistry 143: 90-96.
SHARIFI P. 2010. Evaluation on Sixty-eight Rice Germplasms in Cold Tolerance at Germination Stage. Rice Science 17: 77-81.
SHARMA N et al. 2021. Comparison of Methods to Evaluate Rice (Oryza sativa) Germplasm for Tolerance to Low Temperature at the Seedling Stage. Agronomy 11: 385.
SINGLETON VL & ROSSI JAJR. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 16: 144-158.
STRECK EA et al. 2020. Genetic tolerance to low temperatures in irrigated rice. Revista Ciência Agronômica 51: e20196938.
SUDHEERAN PK et al. 2018. Improved Cold Tolerance of Mango Fruit with Enhanced Anthocyanin and Flavonoid Contents. Molecules 23: 1832.
TEIXEIRA SB et al. 2021. Application of vigor indexes to evaluate the cold tolerance in rice seeds germination conditioned in plant extract. Scientific Reports 11: 11038.
UPANAN S et al. 2019. The Proanthocyanidin-Rich Fraction Obtained from Red Rice Germ and Bran Extract Induces HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis. Molecules 24: 813.
VIANA VE et al. 2021. When rice gets the chills: comparative transcriptome profiling at germination shows WRKY transcription factor responses. Plant Biology 1: 100-112.
VIGHI IL et al. 2016. Changes in gene expression and catalase activity in Oryza sativa L. under abiotic stress. Genetics and Molecular Research 15:gmr15048977.
XIE H et al. 2020. Climate-dependent variation in cold tolerance of weedy rice and rice mediated by OsICE1 promoter methylation. Molecular Ecology 29: 121-137.
YAN D et al. 2014. The functions of the endosperm during seed germination. Plant Cell Physiology 55: 1521-1533.
YANG L et al. 2021. Identification of Candidate Genes Conferring Cold Tolerance to Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at the Bud-Bursting Stage Using Bulk Segregant Analysis Sequencing and Linkage Mapping. Frontiers in Plant Science 12: 647239.
ZHANG M et al. 2018. Genome-wide association study of cold tolerance of Chinese indica rice varieties at the bud burst stage. Plant Cell Reports 37: 529-539.
ZHANG Q et al. 2019. Accumulation of Anthocyanins: An Adaptation Strategy of Mikania micrantha to Low Temperature in Winter. Frontiers Plant Science 10: 1049.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2022 Autores e Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Os autores que publicam nesta revista estão de acordo com os seguintes termos:
a) Os autores mantêm os direitos autorais e concedem à revista os direitos autorais da primeira publicação, de acordo com a Creative Commons Attribution Licence. Todo o conteúdo do periódico, exceto onde está identificado, está licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons do tipo atribuição BY.
b) Autores têm autoridade para assumir contratos adicionais com o conteúdo do manuscrito.
c) Os autores podem fornecer e distribuir o manuscrito publicado por esta revista.
