The Kodak Girl: publicity images of women in the heyday of analogue photography

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5965/1982615x16382023014

Keywords:

advertising, representation of woman, photographie

Abstract

In a period when technological innovations such as the bicycle revolutionized the role of women in society (Strange, 2002), it is opportune to observe how photographic technology and one of its most significant representatives (the Kodak “domestic” camera) are associated with the female public. This article aims to carry out an evaluation of the female profile presented by Kodak advertising pieces throughout the 20th century, from the first decade to the 1980s. This period reflects the heyday of darkroom photography, precisely the technology that Kodak helped to disseminate. The study was carried out through a literature review and iconographic survey, which supported an evaluation of the evolution of the company's advertising and the way in which women are represented.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Sandra Maia Rodrigues Pereira, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Designer formada pela UEMG - Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais. Possui MBA em Direção Criativa em Moda pela Universidade Una e Mestrado em Design pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design da UEMG. Compõe o corpo docente da Escola de Design - Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG). Desde 2017 é pesquisadora convidada do LIDEP - Laboratório Integrado de Design e Engenharia de Produto, grupo de pesquisa (reconhecido pelo CNPq) da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Desenvolve pesquisas na área do design e da moda, com foco em aspectos de Ecodesign e sustentabilidade ambiental, social e econômica. Seus temas de interesse tangenciam o universo da moda sob diferentes perspectivas como a da sustentabilidade e processos criativos.

Eduardo Romeiro Filho, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Graduated in Industrial Design from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (1987),
Master (1993) and Doctor (1997) in Production Engineering from Coppe,
Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute of Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering,
Federal University of Rio of January. Visiting Professor at the Design for Sustainability
Program, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology,
Netherlands (2010). Professor at the School of Engineering at the Federal University of
Minas Gerais. Professor of the permanent staff of the Doctorate in Design at UEMG
(University of the State of Minas Gerais),
the Doctorate in Technological and Biopharmaceutical Innovation and the Professional
Master's Degree in Technological Innovation and Intellectual Property at UFMG.
He has experience in the areas of Production Engineering and Design, with emphasis on
Product Design Methodology, working mainly on the following topics: Product Design,
Design for Sustainability, Product Ergonomics and Computer Aided Design.
Author of the books CAD in Industry: Implementation and Management (UFRJ Publisher, 1997),
Product Design (Campus/Elsevier, 2010) and Integrated Manufacturing Systems (Atlas, 2015).

Adriana Sampaio Leite, Minas Gerais State University

PhD in Production Engineering from COPPE/UFRJ (2013), with emphasis on management and
innovation, Master in Design from PUC-Rio (1999), graduated in Visual Communication - PUC/Rio
(1984). Costume designer for Rede Globo de Televisão (1984/1998). Adjunct professor at
the Department of Arts and Design at PUC-Rio (2003/2018). Professor at the Design course at
UFMG ((2018/2020). Professor at UEMG at the School of Design (2021). Experienced in team
management and in product project development in the area of ​​Fashion and Costumes.

References

ACCIOLY, Anna; ANDRADE, Joaquim MF; VIEIRA, Lula; CARDOSO, Rafael. Marcas de Valor no Mercado Brasileiro. Rio de Janeiro: Editora SENAC Rio, 2007.

BAUDRILLARD, Jean. La société de consommation (Folio. Essais) Paris: Gallimard, 1996.

BASTID, Clara. Les femmes e la photographie. HYPOTHESES, 2014. Disponível em: https://photofemme.hypotheses.org/tag/kodak-girl. Acesso em: 13 jun.2022.

CAMARGO, Mário (Org.). Gráfica: Arte e Indústria no Brasil: 180 anos de história. 2a Ed. São Paulo: Bandeirantes Gráfica, 2003.

DRUCKER, P. F. The Practice of Management. New York: Harper & Row, 1954.

HARDY, Willian. A Guide to Art Nouveau Style. London: Quinter Publishing Limited, 1986.

HOBSBAWN, E. Era dos extremos. Companhia das Letras, 1995.

HOBSBAWN, E. A era dos impérios. Paz & Terra, 2012.

JACOB, John P. (Ed.). Kodak Girl: from the Martha Cooper Collection. Germany: Steidl, 2012.

KING, Emily, "Making History Work: Corporate Archives and the Eastman Kodak Company" (2018). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Disponível em:https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses. Acesso em:11 out.2021.

KODAK GIRL. Magazine Ads. 2022. Disponível em: https://www.kodakgirl.com. Acesso em: 24 out.2022.

KOTLER, P. Capitalismo em confronto. São Paulo: Best Business, 2015.

KRUGLER, D. F. The Voice of America and the domestic propaganda battles, 1945-1953. University of Missouri Press, 2000.

LIFE PHOTO COLLECTION. Pai Gibson Dana. Disponível em: https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/pai-gibson-dana-gibson-girl-s-a-rom-wedd-widow/ZAGhMWIcKDXF6A. Acesso em: 18. Ago.2022.

LISA S. STRANGE (2002) The Bicycle, Women s Rights, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Women's Studies, 31:5, 609-626, DOI: 10.1080/00497870214048.

LISBOA, I. Hoje aconteceu... George Eastman, criador da Kodak e impulsor da publicidade. Blog Com jeito e arte. Lisboa, 04 set. 2012. Disponível em: https://comjeitoearte.blogspot.com/2012/09/hoje-aconteceu-george-eastman-criador.html. Acesso em: 12 jun. 2022.

MORTIMORE, R.N.; LAWRENCE, J.; POPE, D.; DUPERRET A.; GENTER, A. Coastal cliff geohazards in weak rock: the UK Chalk cliffs of Sussex. Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications, 20, 3-31, 1 January 2004.

MUNIR, K.; PHILLIPS, N. The Birth of the 'Kodak Moment': Institutional Entrepreneurship and the Adoption of New Technologies. 2005. Organization Studies - ORGAN STUD. 26. 1665-1687. 10.1177/0170840605056395.

O'BARR, William M. "A Brief History of Advertising in America". Advertising & Society Review, vol. 11 no. 1, 2010. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/asr.0.0046.

PALMER, Daniel. Tracing the Origins of Australian Fashion Photography. La Trobe Journal, Melbourne, n. 76, Spring 2005, 87-103. Disponível em: http://www3.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-76/latrobe-76-front.html. Acesso em: 24 out. 2022.

PASTER, J. E. (1992) Advertising immortality by Kodak, History of Photography, v.16, n. 2, 135-139, out.2013. Disponível em: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03087298.1992.10442537. Acesso em: 15 jan. 2022.

PASTOUREAU, M. O pano do diabo: uma história das listras e dos tecidos listrados. Jorge Zahar, 1993.

PATERSON, M.T., Beyond the Gibson Girl Reimagining the American New Woman, 1895–1915. Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois, 2005.

REIS JR., Dalmir. Propagandas Antigas Machistas. Disponível em: https://www.propagandashistoricas.com.br/2014/01/dez-propagandas-historicas-machistas.html. Acesso em: 15 jan 2022.

REZENDE, Lívia L. A circulação de imagens no Brasil oitocentista: uma história com marca registrada. In Cardoso, Rafael (Org.). O Design Brasileiro antes do Design. São Paulo: Cozac Naify, 2005.

ROSENBERG, Jennifer. "Learn How the Brownie Camera Changed Photography Forever." ThoughtCo, May. 28, 2021, thoughtco.com/brownie-camera-1779181.

SALEH, PBO. “Mais cedo ou mais tarde sua mulher irá dirigir”: identidades de gênero em anúncios de carro. In: FERREIRA, AJ. (Org.). Relações étnico-raciais, de gênero e sexualidade: perspectivas contemporâneas [online]. Ponta Grossa: Editora UEPG, 2014, pp. 93-112.

SCANLON, J. R.; SCANLON, J. (Ed.). The gender and consumer culture reader. NYU Press, 2000.

TUMNGIR. #Kodakads. Disponível em: https://www.tumgir.com/tag/kodak%20ads. Acesso em: 10 jun.2022.

VOS, T. P. (2013). Explaining the origins of the advertising agency. American Journalism, 30(4), 450-472.

WEST, N.M., Kodak and the lens of nostalgia, London: University Press of Virginia, 2000, p. 56. ISBN0-8139-1959-2.

YOUNG, D. G. (2005). Sacrifice, consumption, and the American way of life: Advertising and domestic propaganda during World War II. The Communication Review, v.8, n.1, p. 27-52. Disponível em: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10714420590917352. Acesso em: 20 jan.2022.

Published

2023-01-01

How to Cite

PEREIRA, Sandra Maia Rodrigues; ROMEIRO FILHO, Eduardo; LEITE, Adriana Sampaio. The Kodak Girl: publicity images of women in the heyday of analogue photography. ModaPalavra e-periódico, Florianópolis, v. 16, n. 38, p. 14–64, 2023. DOI: 10.5965/1982615x16382023014. Disponível em: https://periodicos.udesc.br/index.php/modapalavra/article/view/22531. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

Most read articles by the same author(s)