Resposta das variedades de feijão-fava (Viciafaba L.) à aplicação de cal na zona Wolaita, sul da Etiópia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712242023720Palavras-chave:
crescimento, fenologia, morfologia da raiz, acidez do solo, rendimento, componentes de rendimentoResumo
A acidez do solo e a escassez de variedades de fava adaptadas a solos com pH mais baixo são fatores importantes que limitam a produção de feijão-fava na Etiópia. O tipo de solo dominante na área de estudo é o Nitissolo. Portanto, em 2019, realizou-se um experimento em estufa para avaliar a resposta das variedades de feijão-fava a diferentes taxas de aplicação de calcário. Utilizaram-se quatro doses de calcário como tratamentos (0, 2, 4 e 6 Mg.ha–1) e cinco variedades de feijão-fava (Local, Dosha, Gebelecho, Tumsa e Bobicho), dispostas em um delineamento em blocos casualizados com seis repetições. Os efeitos principais e de interação das doses de calcário e das variedades influenciaram significativamente (p < 0,05) todos os componentes de crescimento e rendimento, assim como os parâmetros de rendimento. Os parâmetros morfológicos da raiz foram significativamente (p < 0,05) afetados pelos efeitos principais da taxa de calcário. Como resultado, a maior biomassa aérea de 47,92 g por vaso e os rendimentos de sementes de 19,16 g por vaso foram obtidos em resposta à interação da variedade Tumsa com 3 g de calcário por vaso (2 Mg ha–1). A menor biomassa aérea de 32,08 g por vaso e o rendimento de sementes de 12,84 g por vaso foram obtidos na variedade local sem aplicação de cal. Em geral, em termos de rendimento de sementes, as variedades Gebelcho e Tumsa se destacaram ao atingir seu máximo rendimento de sementes em resposta à aplicação de 3 g de cal por vaso (2 Mg ha–1). Assim, verificou-se que a taxa de calagem de 3 g por vaso (2,0 Mg ha–1) com as variedades Gebelcho e Tumsa foi a melhor combinação para melhorar o desempenho da cultura na área de estudo.
Downloads
Referências
ABEBE Z. & TOLERA A. 2014. Yield Response of Faba bean to Fertilizer Rate, Rhizobium Inoculation and Lime Rate at Gedo Highland, Western Ethiopia. Global Journal of Crop, Soil Science and Plant Breeding 2: 134-139.
ATA. 2019. Agriculture Transformation Agency. Status of soil resources in Ethiopia and priorities for sustainable management. GSP for Eastern and Southern Africa, ATA, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
ANDERSON W. 2013. Increasing seed yield and water use of wheat in a rainfed Mediterranean type environment. Australia Journal Agricultural Research 43: 1-17.
ASEFA K et al. 2010. Characterization of acid and salt tolerant rhizobial strains isolated from faba bean fields of Wollo, Northern Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 12: 365-376.
BERHANU D. 1980. The physical criteria and their rating proposed for land evaluation in the highland region of Ethiopia. Land Use Planning and Regulatory Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BIRRU A. 1979. Agricultural Experiment Management Manual, Part III. Institute of Agricultural Research. Addis Abeba.
BOUYOUCOS G. 1951. A Recalibration of the Hydrometer for Making Mechanical Analysis of Soils. Agronomy Journal 43: 434-438.
BREMNER J. 1965.Total Nitrogen. In: BLACK CA. (eds.) Method of soil analysis. Part 2. Madison: American Society of Agronomy. p. 119-178.
CSA. 2018. Centeral Stastical Agency. Area and production of major crops: the federal democratic republic of Ethiopia central statistical agency agricultural sample survey: volume I. Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
CSA. 2019. Centeral Stastical Agency. Area and production of major crops: the federal democratic republic of Ethiopia central statistical agency agricultural sample survey: volume I. Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
COTTENIE A. 1980. Soil and plant testing as a basis of fertilizer recommendations. FAO soil bulletin 38/2. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
CROWFORD T et al. 2008. Solving Agricultural problems related to Soil Acidity in Central Africa’s Great Lakes Region: CATALIST Project Report. Albama: IFDC.
DEGIFE A. & KIYA A. 2016. Evaluation of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Varieties foryield at Gircha Research Center, Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science 6:169-176.
ENDALKACHEW F et al. 2019. Yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) as affected by lime, mineral P, farmyard manure, compost and rhizobium in acid soil of lay gayint district, northwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Agriculture and Food Security 7: 1-11.
EIAR. 2018. Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research. Faba bean production manual. Addis Ababa: Ethiopia.
FAGERIA N. 2002. Nutrient management for sustainable dry bean production in the tropics. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 33: 1537–75.
FAGERIA N et al. 2011.Growth and mineral nutrition of field crops.3ed. USA: CRC Press.
FEKADU M. 2018. Progress of Soil Acidity Management Research in Ethiopia. Adv Crop Sci Tech 6: 377.
FAO. 2006. Food and Agriculture Organization. Plant nutrition for food security: A guide for integrated nutrient management. Rome: FAO, Fertilizer and Plant Nutrition. Bulletin 16.
FAO. 2008. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO fertilizer and plant nutrition bulletin: Guide to laboratory establishment for plant nutrient analysis. Rome: FAO. 203 p.
FAO. 2013. Food and Agriculture Organization. Plant Production and Protection Division. Good Agricultural Practices for greenhouse vegetable crops. Rome: FAO. 63p.
FAO. 2016. Food and Agriculture Organization. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT homepage. Available at http://faostat3.fao.org/home. Date accessed: 21 January 2020.
FAOSTAT. 2019. Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database. Available at http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC. Date accessed: 31 January 2022.
FRENCH B & WHITE P. 2005. Soil and environmental factors affecting pulse adaptation in Western Australia. Australia Journal of Agricultural Research 50: 375-387.
GEMECHU K et al. 2016. Reflections on Highland Pulses Improvement Research in Ethiopia. Ethiopian journal of agricultural sciences 9: 17-5
GENANEW T et al. 2012. Farmers soil management practices and their perceptions to soil acidity, at Ankesha District of Awi Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia. Libyan Agriculture Research Center Journal International 3: 64-72.
GETACHEW A. 2018. Soil Fertility and Crop Management Research on Cool-season Food Legumes in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia Ethiop. J. Agric. Sci. 28: 95-109.
GETAHUN M & ABERE M. 2019. Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Yield and Yield Components as Influenced by Inoculation with Indigenous Rhizobial Isolates under Acidic Soil Condition of the Central Highlands of Ethiopia. Ethiop. J. Agric. Sci. 29: 49-61.
GOURLEY C. 1999. Potassium. in ''Soil analysis: an interpretation manual''. Melbourne: CSIRO Publishing. p. 229-246.
GOBENA N et al. 2019. Influence of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Viciafaba L.) Varieties in Lemu Bilbilo District, Southeastern Ethiopia. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 28: 1-11.
GRAHAM P. 2016. Stress tolerance in Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium and nodulation under adverse soil conditions. Canadian Journal of Micro 38: 475-484.
HAZELTON P & MURPHY B. 2007. Interpreting soil test results: What do all thenumbers mean? 2.Ed. CSIRO Publishing. 152p.
HIRPA L et al. 2013. Response to Soil Acidity of Common Bean Genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Under Field Conditions at Nedjo, Western Ethiopia. Sci. Technol. Arts Res. J 2: 03-15.
ICARDA. 2010. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dryland Areas. Ethiopia and ICARDA Ties that Bind. No. 29. Aleppo: ICARDA.
JENSEN E et al. 2010. Faba bean in cropping systems. Field Crops Research 115: 203-216.
KIFLEMARIAM Y & FREDERICK L. 2017. Screening of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) accessions to acidity and aluminium stresses. Peer J. 5: 224-240.
KIFLEMARIAM Y et al. 2019. Association of Shoot and Root Responses to Water Deficit in Young Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.). Front. Plant Sci. 10: 1063.
KOPKE U & NEMECEK T. 2010. Ecological services of faba bean. Field Crops Res 115: 217–33.
LANDON J. 1991. Booker Tropical Soil Manual: A hand book for soil survey and agricultural land evaluation in the Tropics and Subtropics. Essex: Longman Scientific and Technical.
LUKAS V et al. 2015. Enhanced biological N2 fixation and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in an acid soil following biochar addition: dissection of causal mechanisms. Plant Soil 395: 7–20.
MEKONNEN A et al. 2014. Effect of integrated use of lime, manure and mineral P fertilizer on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield, uptake and status of residual soil P on acidic soils of Gozamin District, north-western Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 3: 76-85.
MEKONNEN A et al. 2020. Effects of Lime, Manure and Kitchen Ash Application on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia fabaL.) on Acidic Soils of Gozamin District. Journal of Plant Sciences 8: 17-28
MESFIN A. 2007. Nature and Management of Acid Soils in Ethiopia. Addis Abeba, Ethiopa.MoARD (Minstry of Agriculture and Rural Development). Addis Ababa: Crop Development. Issue No.3.
MESFIN K et al. 2020.Fertility Status of Acid Soils under Different Land Use Types in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Applied and Environmental Soil Scienc 4: 335-356.
MESFIN T. 2020. Impacts of Soil Acidity on Growth Performance of Faba bean (Viciafaba L.) and Management Options. Academic research journal 8: 2360-7874.
MULISSA J & FASIL A. 2014. Effects of Acidity on Growth and Symbiotic Performance of Rhizobium leguminos arumbv. viciae Strains Isolated from Faba Bean Producing Areas of Ethiopia. Sci. Technol. Arts Res. J. 3: 26-33.
MURAGE EW et al. 2000. Diagnostic indicators of soil quality in productive and non-productive smallholders’ fields of Kenya’s Central Highlands. Agriculture. Ecosystems and Environment 79: 1–8
MURPHY H. 1968. A report on fertility status and other data on some soils of Ethiopia. Experimental Station Bulletin No. 44. Stillwater: Collage of Agriculture, Oklahoma State University. 551p.
MYLAVARAPU, R. 2009. UF/IFAS extension soil testing laboratory (ESTL) analytical procedures and training manual. Circular 1248, Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida
OLSEN S et al. 1954. Estimation of available P in soils by extraction with NaHCO3.USDA Cir. 939.US. Washington: Government printing office.
QIAN Z et al. 2018. Cinnamic Acid Inhibited Growth of Faba Bean and Promoted the Incidence of Fusarium Wilt. Plants 23: 26-33
ROWELL D. 1994. Soil Science; Methods and Application, Longman Scientific and Technical. Essex: Longman Group UK Ltd. 350p.
SERHAT O et al. 2007. The Quantitative Effect of Temperature and Light on Growth, Development and Yield of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.). International Journal of Agricultural Research 2: 765-775.
SHANKA D et al. 2018. Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Common Bean Cultivars in Ethiopia. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis.
SINGH A et al. 2012. Improvement of faba bean (Viciafaba L.) yield and quality through biotechnological approach: a review. African Journal of Biotechnology 11: 15264-15271.
SAS. 2004. Statistical Analysis System Institute. SAS/STAT user’s guide. Proprietary software version 9.00. Cary: SAS Institute.
SUN Q et al. 2008. Phosphorus enhances Al resistance in Al-resistant Lespedeza bicolor but not in Al-sensitive L. cuneataunder relatively high Al stress. Annals of Botany 102:795-804.
TADELE B et al. 2016. Response of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) to Phosphorus Fertiliizer and Farm Yard Manure on Acidic Soils in Boloso Sore Woreda, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Food Science and Quality Management 53: 2224-6088.
TAMENE T & TADESE S. 2019. Registration of a Faba Bean variety named Gora. East African Journal of Sciences 7: 133-136.
TADESE T et al. 1991. Soil, plant, water, fertilizer, animal manure and compost analysis. Working Document No. 13. Addis Ababa: ILCA.
WALKLEY, A. and Black, C. 1934. An experimentation of Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and the proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37: 29-38.
WONDAFRASH M et al. 2019. Quantifying Yield Potential and Yield Gaps of Faba Bean in Ethiopia Ethiop. J. Agric. Sci. 29: 105-120.
YASIN G & ESRAEL K. 2017. Participatory on Farm Evaluations and Selection of Improved Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Varieties in Four Districts of South Ethiopia. Adv Crop Sci Tech 5: 2329-8863.
ZHENG S. 2010. Crop production on acid soils: overcoming aluminum toxicity and phosphorus deficiency. Annals of Botany 106:183–84.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Autores e Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Os autores que publicam nesta revista estão de acordo com os seguintes termos:
a) Os autores mantêm os direitos autorais e concedem à revista os direitos autorais da primeira publicação, de acordo com a Creative Commons Attribution Licence. Todo o conteúdo do periódico, exceto onde está identificado, está licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons do tipo atribuição BY.
b) Autores têm autoridade para assumir contratos adicionais com o conteúdo do manuscrito.
c) Os autores podem fornecer e distribuir o manuscrito publicado por esta revista.
