Biorreguladores em feijoeiro cultivado sob dois regimes hídricos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/223811711912020054Palavras-chave:
ácido abscísico, metil jasmonato, agricultura tropical, déficit hídricoResumo
Restrições na disponibilidade hídrica favorecem eventuais danos à cultura do feijoeiro, e o uso de biorreguladores aprimora a sinalização vegetal e potencializa a indução de tolerância ao déficit hídrico. Este estudo objetivou caracterizar alterações fisiológicas, bioquímicas e biométricas em plantas de feijão submetidas à aplicação foliar de biorreguladores sob diferentes regimes hídricos. O ensaio consistiu na aplicação de um controle (água) e três biorreguladores (5 µM de ácido abscísico - ABA; 50 µM de metil jasmonato - MeJA e 5 µM de ABA + 50 µM de MeJA), além de apresentar dois regimes hídricos (60 e 80% da capacidade de campo), num esquema fatorial 4 x 2. Foram analisados: conteúdo de pigmentos fotossintetizantes, trocas gasosas foliares e índices biométricos das plantas de feijoeiro. Com resultado observou-se que o tratamento ABA+MeJA incrementou a concentração de clorofila b, atividades de ascorbato peroxidase (APX) e catalase (CAT), enquanto a taxa fotossintética foi estimulada pela mistura de biorreguladores aos 36 dias após o plantio (DAP), ABA e MeJA, isolados, propiciaram maior taxa fotossintética no feijoeiro aos 34 DAP, enquanto para as variáveis biométricas somente foram influenciadas pelos regimes hídricos, com relação aos mecanismos bioquímicos, constatou-se que o tratamento ABA+MeJA incrementou a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes e melhorou as respostas de trocas gasosas em condição de menor disponibilidade hídrica. Os biorreguladores avaliados nesta pesquisa são benéficos na modulação da fisiologia vegetal em plantas sob estresse hídrico, entretanto o suprimento de água adequado retrata um melhor desenvolvimento das plantas.
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