Polysaccharide storage myopathy in two Percheron horses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712212023078Keywords:
rhabdomyonecrosis, muscle, GYS1, horses, pathology, veterinaryAbstract
Polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM) is a genetic disorder or by undetermined cause characterized by the abnormal accumulation of glycogen and polysaccharides in skeletal muscle fibers. The present report describes two Percheron horses, from different properties in the municipality of Pouso Redondo - SC, with locomotor clinical signs that started after work. The clinical signs observed were rigid gait, mainly of the pelvic limbs, muscle weakness, and recumbency. In the first case, the animal was diagnosed with severe multifocal rhabdomyonecrosis, moderate multifocal myoglobin nephrosis and severe diffuse transmural fibrinonecrotic gastritis. PSSM was confirmed by the presence of polysaccharide inclusions in myofiber sarcolemma visualized by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. In the second case, the horse presented two episodes of muscle disorder after work. The therapeutic protocol was based on penicillin, flunixin meglumine and fluid therapy with ringer lactate. An increase in creatine kinase (669.0 UI/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (669.0 UI/L) was observed in the serum biochemical evaluation. Research for mutation in the GYS1 gene was performed, with a positive heterozygote result. After rest and gradual recovery, the horse was only submitted to light work, with no return of the clinical condition since then. Thus, this report describes two cases of PSSM with distinct clinical evolution and diagnostic methods.
Downloads
References
BIRD KE et al. 2001. Incidence of Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy in Draft Horse-Related Breeds: A Necropsy Study of 37 horses and a mule. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 13: 63-68.
BRUN R et al. 1998. Trypanosoma evansi and T. equiperdum: distribution, biology, treatment and phylogenetic relationship (a review). Veterinary Parasitology 79: 95-107.
CLAES F et al. 2004. Variable Surface Glycoprotein RoTat 1.2 PCR as a specific diagnostic tool for the detection of Trypanosoma evansi infections. Kinetoplastid Biology and Disease 3: 1-6.
COELHO EGA & OLIVEIRA DAAD. 2008. Testes genéticos na eqüideocultura. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 37: 202-205.
COOPER BJ. & VALENTINE BA. 2016. Muscle and tendon. In: GRANT M. (Ed) Pathology of Domestic Animals. 6.ed. St. Louis: Elsevier. p.164-249.
DE LA CORTE FD et al. 2002. Developmental onset of polysaccharide storage myopathy in 4 Quarter Horse foals. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 16: 581-587.
D'ANDRETTA IA & BARROS ADMC. 2018. Insuficiência renal aguda em equinos: revisão de literatura. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Equina 13: 22-27.
FIRSHMAN AM et al. 2006. Comparison of histopathologic criteria and skeletal muscle fixation techniques for the diagnosis of polysaccharide storage myopathy in horses. Veterinary Pathology 43: 257-269.
FIRSHMAN AM et al. 2003. Epidemiologic characteristics and management of polysaccharide storage myopathy in Quarter Horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research 64: 1319-1327.
FREDO G et al. 2018. Pathological findings of post-anesthetic myopathy associated with type 1 polysaccharide storage myopathy in a Percheron horse. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46: 346.
GAMBARO G & PERAZELLA MA. 2003. Adverse renal effects of anti‐inflammatory agents: evaluation of selective and nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Journal of Internal Medicine 253: 643-652.
GEOR RJ. 2007. Acute renal failure in horses. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 23: 577-591.
KANEKO JJ et al. 2008. Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6.ed. San Diego: Academic Press.
LEDWITH A & MCGOWAN CM. 2004. Muscle biopsy: a routine diagnostic procedure. Equine Veterinary Education 16: 62-67.
MAILE CA et al. 2017. A highly prevalent equine glycogen storage disease is explained by constitutive activation of a mutant glycogen synthase. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects 1861: 3388-3398.
MCCUE ME et al. 2006. Prevalence of polysaccharide storage myopathy in horses with neuromuscular disorders. Equine Veterinary Journal 38: 340-344.
MCCUE ME et al. 2009. Comparative skeletal muscle histopathologic and ultrastructural features in two forms of polysaccharide storage myopathy in horses. Veterinary Pathology 46: 1281-1291.
MCCUE ME et al. 2008a. Glycogen synthase (GYS1) mutation causes a novel skeletal muscle glycogenosis. Genomics 91: 458-466.
MCCUE ME et al. 2008b. Glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) mutation in diverse breeds with polysaccharide storage myopathy. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 22: 1228-1233.
QUIROZ‐ROTHE E et al. 2002. Polysaccharide storage myopathy in the M. longissimus lumborum of showjumpers and dressage horses with back pain. Equine Veterinary Journal 34: 171-176.
RECK C et al. 2020. First outbreak of autochthonous “surra” in horses in Santa Catarina State, Brazil: Parasitological, hematological and biochemical characteristics. Veterinary Parasitology. 21.
RODRIGUES A et al. 2005. Outbreaks of trypanosomiasis in horses by Trypanosoma evansi in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: epidemiological, clinical, hematological, and pathological aspects. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 25: 239-249.
SCHADE J et al. 2022. Ionóforos e intoxicação em equinos. Revista de Educação Continuada em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia do CRMV-SP 20: e38232.
SÖDERQUIST E et al. 2013. Equine polysaccharide storage myopathy. Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 96: 26-31.
SOUSA DERD et al. 2019. Surto de intoxicação por monensina sódica em equinos associada a consumo de suplemento mineral à base de melaço de cana-de-açúcar. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 47: 363. 4p.
TOSI I et al. 2014. Altered mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity in horses suffering from polysaccharide storage myopathy. Equine Veterinary Journal 46: 2.
VALBERG SJ et al. 2008. Skeletal Muscle Function. In: KANEKO JJ et al. Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6.ed. San Diego: Academic Press. p.459-484.
VALBERG SJ et al. 2020. Commercial genetic testing for type 2 polysaccharide storage myopathy and myofibrillar myopathy does not correspond to a histopathological diagnosis. Equine Veterinary Journal 53: 690–700.
VALBERG SJ et al. 1992. Polysaccharide storage myopathy associated with recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis in horses. Neuromuscular Disorders 2: 351-359.
VALBERG SJ et al. 1999. Exertional rhabdomyolysis in quarter horses and thoroughbreds: one syndrome, multiple aetiologies. Equine Veterinary Journal 31: 533-538.
VALENTINE BA et al. 1997. Severe polysaccharide storage myopathy in Belgian and Percheron draught horses. Equine Veterinary Journal 29: 220-225.
VALENTINE BA. 2005. Diagnosis and treatment of equine polysaccharide storage myopathy. Equine Veterinary Journal 25: 52-61.
VALENTINE BA et al. 2001. Role of dietary carbohydrate and fat in horses with equine polysaccharide storage myopathy. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 219: 1537-1538.
VALENTINE BA & MCGAVIN MD. 2013. Músculo Esquelético. In: ZACHARY MF. Bases da Patologia em Veterinária. 5.ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier. p. 874-922.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Authors & Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors publishing in this journal are in agreement with the following terms:
a) Authors maintain the copyrights and concede to the journal the copyright for the first publication, according to Creative Commons Attribution Licence.
b) Authors have the authority to assume additional contracts with the content of the manuscript.
c) Authors may supply and distribute the manuscript published by this journal.